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Port Bonython is the location of a deepwater port and proposed minerals precinct adjacent to Point Lowly in the Upper Spencer Gulf region of South Australia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Port Bonython: Australia, geographic coordinates, administrative division, map )〕 It lies 16 km east-northeast of Whyalla, South Australia and approximately 250 km north-west of Adelaide, the State's capital city. The existing wharf is 2.4 kilometres long and is capable of berthing small Capesize ships with a maximum capacity of 110,000 tonnes. The wharf was established in 1982 and named after John Bonython, the founding chairman of Santos Ltd. The structure is leased to Santos Ltd. by the South Australian Government and is used for the export of hydrocarbon products. An oil spill at Port Bonython in 1992 resulted in loss of bird life and damage to mangrove habitats to the west and southwest of Port Pirie. ==Overview== A gas fractionation plant operated by Santos Ltd was established at Port Bonython in 1982. The plant's refinery and tank farm complex receive crude oil and gas from the Cooper Basin in outback South Australia for processing and distribution. Port Bonython is the terminus of the ''Moomba to Port Bonython Liquids Pipeline ''which is 659 km long.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea Pipelines map - Crude Oil (petroleum) pipelines - Natural Gas pipelines - Products pipelines )〕 From Port Bonython, Santos freights hydrocarbon products by sea to customers across the Asia-Pacific region. A 2.4 km long wharf was constructed and purchased by the Government of South Australia for $48.2 million in 1983. First shipments from the facility were made that year.〔("Port Bonython Liquids Facilities (Stony Point)" ) ''BAM Clough''. Accessed 2013-12-22.〕 It was officially opened on September 5 1984 by the South Australian Premier John Bannon. The jetty is licensed to Santos under the Stony Point (Liquids Project) Ratification Act, 1981 and the State Government has an obligation to maintain the jetty for the life of the indenture. In 2010, Cabinet committed $29.9 million to its refurbishment.〔 A major oil spill occurred at Port Bonython during the berthing of the tanker ''Era'' in 1992. Her hull was pierced by a tugboat and approximately 300 tonnes of heavy bunker fuel leaked into Spencer Gulf. The spill response used chemical dispersants including Corexit and the remaining slick resulted in loss of bird life and damage to mangrove habitats and tidal creeks. As of 2015, Santos Ltd remains the only established industrial presence in the immediate vicinity of Port Bonython and Point Lowly. The Port Bonython Fuels project is currently under construction immediately to the north-east. Several development proposals from other companies exist for the area and are at various stages of Government approval, and a number of other proposals have been announced then subsequently abandoned. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Port Bonython」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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